Gynecological Ultrasound – Nowa Estetyka Medical Center in Wroclaw, Poland

Gynecological ultrasound is one of the primary exams for the prevention of women’s health issues.
During an ultrasound of the reproductive organs, the doctor evaluates the condition of the pelvic organs, including the body and cervix of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and the Douglas pouch. The ultrasound helps to detect abnormalities in the endometrium (uterine lining) and echogenicity of the organs, aimed at identifying tumors, fibroids, or cysts. It is also possible to collect tissue samples for further cytological examination. The ultrasound lasts a few minutes and is painless and safe, even for pregnant women.

A transvaginal ultrasound is performed by inserting an ultrasound probe into the vagina (for patients who have been sexually active) while the patient is lying down. The ultrasound head is covered with a disposable sheath and gel to minimize discomfort and improve imaging. The doctor gently rotates the probe to visualize the structure of the cervix and ovaries. For women who have not been sexually active, an ultrasound can be performed through the abdominal wall or rectally.

Indications for Gynecological Ultrasound

• Routine screening every 12 months
• Suspected cancer (ovarian cancer, cervical cancer) or developmental abnormalities of the reproductive organs
• Suspected cysts, tumors, endometriosis, or uterine fibroids
• Confirmation of early pregnancy
• Suspected ectopic pregnancy
• Ovulation cycle monitoring (several tests in different phases of the cycle)
• Ovulation evaluation (test in the second phase of the cycle)
• Monitoring the position of an intrauterine device (IUD)
• Bleeding outside of the first phase of the cycle, bleeding during pregnancy, or absence of menstruation
• Lower abdominal pain

Preparation for the Exam

For a transvaginal ultrasound, the bladder should be emptied. In contrast, for an abdominal ultrasound, it is necessary to fill the bladder; otherwise, the visualization of certain reproductive structures may be inaccurate. About one hour before the exam, drink approximately 1.5 liters of water and avoid urinating before the exam.

The medical interview includes basic questions about the date of your last menstrual period, the duration and regularity of your cycle, and any contraceptives used. You should inform your doctor about past illnesses and surgeries related to the reproductive system, as well as any medications you are taking. A family history of reproductive system diseases is also important.

When to Have a Gynecological Ultrasound?

If you are having an ultrasound as a routine exam, it is best to do it between the 5th and 10th day of your cycle (for patients of reproductive age), which is a few days after the end of menstruation. This allows for the assessment of the endometrium. For women who are sexually active, it is recommended to repeat the exam at least once a year as part of routine screening.